A new study published in JAMA Network Open, by Vivian N. Liu, MAS, Erin L. Van Blarigan, ScD, Li Zhang, PhD, et al., shows promising results regarding the impact of plant-based diets on the survival of prostate cancer patients. The research discovered that individuals who consumed a considerable amount of plant-based food experienced notably reduced risks of cancer progressing, in comparison with those who consumed fewer plant-based foods. These findings highlight that a diet rich in plant-based foods could significantly benefit men with prostate cancer.
What is a Plant-based Diet for Prostate Cancer Patients?
A plant-based diet focuses on consuming mainly vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and legumes. This dietary approach can range widely in its strictness and inclusion of animal products, creating a spectrum of dietary practices:
Vegan Diet: The strictest form of a plant-based diet, vegans avoid all animal products, including meat, dairy, eggs, and even honey. This diet is exclusively comprised of plant-derived foods.
Vegetarian Diet: Vegetarians avoid meat, fish, and poultry but typically consume dairy products and eggs.
Flexitarian Diet: Also known as semi-vegetarian, this diet is primarily plant-based but occasionally includes small amounts of meat, fish, or poultry. It offers flexibility for those who wish to reduce their meat consumption without completely eliminating it.
Pescatarian Diet: Pescatarians follow a plant-based diet that includes fish and seafood. They avoid meat and poultry but consume other animal products like dairy and eggs.
How Plant-Based Diets Can Benefit Prostate Cancer Patients?
Plant-based diets may improve outcomes for prostate cancer patients due to several factors:
Cancer-Fighting Agents: Plants are abundant in compounds that combat inflammation and cellular damage, thereby potentially slowing cancer growth.
Weight Control: These diets are generally lower in calories and rich in fiber, which aids in maintaining a healthy weight—a key factor in lowering cancer risk.
Fewer Harmful Substances: Reducing the intake of red and processed meats minimizes exposure to carcinogenic substances that develop during cooking and processing.
Improved Heart Health: Rich in fiber, antioxidants, and healthy fats, plant-based diets can lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Nutritional Considerations before Starting a Plant-Based Diet
While plant-based diets offer many benefits, it's important to ensure a balanced intake of essential nutrients:
Protein: Sources include legumes, nuts, seeds, tofu, and tempeh.
Vitamin B12: Since B12 is primarily found in animal products, vegans may need fortified foods or supplements.
Iron: Plant-based iron (non-heme) is less readily absorbed, so including vitamin C-rich foods can enhance absorption.
Calcium: Found in fortified plant milks, leafy greens, and tofu.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Flaxseeds, chia seeds, walnuts, and algae-based supplements are good sources.
Before starting any new dietary regimen, including a plant-based diet, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional or a registered dietitian. This ensures that the diet is appropriate for your individual health needs and conditions. A doctor can provide personalized advice, identify any potential nutrient deficiencies, and recommend supplements if necessary, helping to create a balanced and sustainable diet plan.